15 Top Native Plants of the Northeast
Wild Anemone
This easy-to-grow, easy-to-love plant thrives in moist soils rich in organic matter. Its large white flowers are a highlight of the spring border. A vigorous groundcover, it can happily fill in a large space within a growing season.
Name: Anemone canadensis
Growing Conditions: Shade to part sun and well-drained soil
Size: To 2 feet tall
Zones: 3-9
Yellow Lady's-Slipper Orchid
This orchid is the queen of the spring garden. The stunning, slipper-shaped, yellow flowers are sure to attract attention. Note: While long-lived, yellow lady's slipper can be very slow to get established. Be patient with it!
Name: Cypripedium parviflorum
Growing Conditions: Part shade and moist, acidic soil
Size: To 16 inches tall
Zones: 3-7
Carolina Lupine
Native all along the Eastern seaboard, Carolina lupine is a tough plant that offers showy pea-like flowers in spring and fuzzy foliage. It's a good-sized plant that has a nice presence in the middle of the border.
Name: Thermopsis villosa
Growing Conditions: Full sun and well-drained soil
Size: To 4 feet tall
Zones: 3-10
Merrybells
Merrybells are charming, easy-to-grow plants that offer cute, dangling yellow flowers in spring. Like many native plants, merrybells look best in mass plantings.
Name: Uvularia grandiflora
Growing Conditions: Shade and well-drained soil
Size: To 2 feet tall
Zones: 3-9
Virgin's Bower
This tough plant offers multiple seasons of interest: Deliciously scented, starry white flowers cover the vine in midsummer. Then in fall, enjoy the fuzzy, tufted seed heads that look magical when they catch the evening light.
Name: Clematis virginiana
Growing Conditions: Full sun and moist, well-drained soil
Size: To 8 feet tall
Zones: 4-8
Natives are a key element to any garden. Learn how to incorporate native plants and flowers for a tough yet gorgeous landscape.
Easy Ways to Add Natives
Learn how to incorporate natives into your landscape for a beautiful, lasting look.
Foamflower
Foamflower is a perfect groundcover to meander between clumps of established hostas or ferns. Related to coral bells, foamflower sports showy white flowers in late spring and early summer. Many fine selections are available including 'Jeepers Creepers', 'Spring Symphony', and 'Sea Foam'.
Name: Tiarella cordifolia
Growing Conditions: Part sun to shade and moist, well-drained soil
Size: To 1 foot tall
Zones: 3-8
Maidenhair Fern
A gorgeous, non-invasive fern, maidenhair fern offers a graceful texture for shady places. It can be slow to grow so be patient; once it gets established and forms a clump, it's worth the wait.
Name: Adiantum pedatum
Growing Conditions: Shade and moist, humus-rich soil
Size: To 2 feet tall
Zones: 3-8
Jacob's Ladder
Native Jacob's ladder is a first-rate groundcover. A standout selection is the variegated 'Stairway to Heaven', which features pink, white, and green leaves and little blue flowers. Pair it with Canadian wild ginger, anemone, and coral bells for woodland magic.
Name: Polemonium reptans 'Stairway to Heaven'
Growing Conditions: Part sun, well-drained soil
Size: To 1 foot tall
Zones: 3-8
Trillium
This early spring-blooming woodland wildflower sports brilliant white flowers atop glossy green leaves. The plant will slowly form beautiful clumps over time.
Name: Trillium grandiflorum
Growing Conditions: Shade and moist, well-drained soil
Size: To 10 inches tall
Zones: 4-8
Woodland Iris
This underused iris happily grows and blooms in partial shade. Its blue-violet flowers cover the grassy clumps of foliage in late spring and make an attractive accent to rock cress (Arabis) and creeping phlox (Phlox subulata). Several varieties are available and form fast-spreading (but non-aggressive) clumps within a few seasons.
Name: Iris setosa
Growing Conditions: Full sun, moist, well-drained soil
Size: To 14 inches tall
Zones: 3-6
American Coral Bells
Native coral bells aren't as common as their hybrid cousins, but these tough plants are perfect for the garden. Newer selections add to the beauty with attractively variegated foliage.
Name: Heuchera americana
Growing Conditions: Part sun and well-drained soil
Size: To 1 foot tall
Zones: 4-9
Eastern Bluestar
We love this stalwart perennial and hope to see it used more in gardens. The tall plants sport blue, star-shaped flowers in spring. They're loved by migrating butterflies. Added bonus: These pest-free plants also have attractive yellow fall color.
Name: Amsonia tabernaemontana
Growing Conditions: Full sun, moist, well-drained soil
Size: To 4 feet tall
Zones: 4-9
Wild Ginger
An almost perfect groundcover for shady spots, wild ginger features fuzzy, heart-shaped leaves. In late May, peek under the leaves for a glimpse of the hidden burgundy flowers.
Name: Asarum canadense
Growing Conditions: Shade and well-drained soil
Size: To 10 inches tall
Zones: 4-6
Swamp milkweed
Milkweeds are butterfly favorites and this one is no exception. Despite its common name, swamp milkweed doesn't mind average garden conditions. Showy pink flowers appear in mid-summer and attract monarch butterflies.
Name: Asclepias incarnata
Growing Conditions: Full sun and moist soil
Size: To 4 feet tall
Zones: 3-6
Culver's Root
This is a perfect perennial for the back of the border. White, pink, or blue blooms adorn tall stems in summer. It pairs beautifully with cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis) and great blue lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica).
Name: Veronicastrum virginicum
Growing Conditions: Full sun to part shade and moist soil
Size: To 5 feet tall
Zones: 4-7
