Details like chairs, benches, and
planters can draw people to your
patio.

High Priority Add-Ons

Furniture. The most common and useful amenity for a patio is furniture. It provides a place to sit, dine, or otherwise enjoy the space, and it helps organize the space. When choosing patio furniture, consider the style and how it matches the surroundings, as well as how comfortable and durable it is. Outdoor furniture that has to be protected or that stains easily when exposed to the elements will probably prove to be more trouble than it is worth. Invest in furniture that will stand up over time without a lot of extra care.

Designing for Outdoor Living

 

Planters or planting pockets
built into the structure of a
patio allow you to introduce
trees and shrubs that can
soften the hard surfaces and
edges of the structure.

Plantings. Just because a patio is paved doesn't mean it has to go without plants. There are several ways to add plants to a patio setting. The easiest and most versatile way is to use containers. Evergreen shrubs in containers can define areas of a patio, provide privacy and shade, or serve as a windbreak. Smaller pots of perennials, annuals, or bulbs can introduce seasonal color to a patio.

One advantage to using containers is that they are portable, which means you can move the plants around to suit your mood and their needs.

Be sure that the containers match the style of the patio. For example, a whiskey barrel planter may look out of place on a formal brick patio where classic terra-cotta or dressy, painted wood planters such as Versailles tubs provide a more appropriate look.

Another alternative is to have built-in planting areas on the patio. This is best done when you design and build the patio; leave open spaces to act as in-ground containers that you can plant directly into. This method creates more protection from freezing temperatures and plants need less irrigation than if they are grown in containers. It also allows you to grow low ground covers that help soften large expanses of paving.

If you include a built-in in-ground planter, it is vital that the planting hole drain adequately and the soil does not become too alkaline as a result of adjoining mortar. Here's how to get the best results: Once the patio is built, including the planting holes, excavate a hole at least 3 feet deep and fill the hole with water at least 12 inches deep. If the water does not drain within 4 hours, you'll need to improve drainage or plan on using containers or raised beds. If the hole passes the drainage test, line it with heavy plastic, make several large slits in the bottom of the plastic so water can drain, then fill the hole with good soil.

Planning a Container Garden

Covering. A canopy over the patio provides shade and visually contains the area. Options include extending a lath or other open structure from the house (if the patio is attached to the house), building a freestanding structure, such as a pergola, or relying on the limbs of an existing shade tree. It is not necessary to provide a rainproof covering. It is more important to filter the sun and create the illusion of a roof. You might choose to have a canopy over part of the patio with the rest left open. This gives you another good option, because there are times when you want all the sun you can get on the patio.

Drainage. Proper drainage is essential to a successful patio. This is especially true of a sunken patio, which can quickly turn into a pond if it doesn't drain properly. A patio flush with or above ground can be drained by building it with a slight pitch that drains water off the patio and away from the house. It is important to plan the drainage before you build the patio.

A Patio-Shading Pergola